The Comanche Nation Homecoming Powwow is held annually in Walters, Oklahoma in mid-July. This is the biggest event of the year. Traditional Allies: Kiowa and Apache Traditional Enemies: Ute Related Tribes: Shoshone – The Comanche split from the Shoshone about 1500 A.D. Some other band names were The Quahadies, Quahadie means antelope, the Buffalo -eaters, and the Yap-eaters, yap is the name of a plant root.įor more information, see Comanche Divisions and Bands. There were about 12 bands of Comanches, but this number probably changed. This resulted in a large division between the original group, the western Comanches, and the break-away Kotsotekas, the eastern Comanches. In the 1750s and 1760s, a number of Kotsoteka bands split off and moved to the southeast. Sometimes several bands would camp together for a while to hunt or hold ceremonies.īefore the 1750s, there were three Comanche divisions: Yamparikas, Jupes, and Kotsotekas. The bands might join together to fight a common enemy too big for just one band to fight.
But, there was no one leader or chief over all the Comanche bands.Įach band did what it wanted to when it wanted to. In the Comanche culture, groups or families could leave one band and join another. There were groups of families in the bands. The Comanche Indians were organized as bands, not as a collective tribe. They reached present-day New Mexico and the Texas Panhandle by 1700, forcing the Lipan Apache people southward, defeating them in a nine-day battle along the Rio del Fierro (Wichita River) in 1723.īy 1777, the Lipan Apache had retreated to the Rio Grande and the Mescalero Apache to Coahuila, Mexico.ĭuring that time, their population increased dramatically because of the abundance of buffalo, an influx of Shoshone migrants, and their adoption of significant numbers of women and children taken captive from rival groups. Their original migration took them to the southern Great Plains, into a sweep of territory extending from the Arkansas River to central Texas. The Comanche language and the Shoshone language are still almost the same. The Comanche emerged as a distinct group shortly before 1700, when they broke off from the Shoshone people living along the upper Platte River in Wyoming. Number of fluent Speakers: About 1% of Comanches speak their language today. Language Dialects: Numic, a Shoshone dialect. Language Classification: Uto-Aztecan->Shoshonean->Numic Membership in the tribe requires a 1/8 blood quantum (equivalent to one great-grandparent). Today, the Comanche Nation has 15,191 members, approximately 7,763 of whom reside in tribal jurisdictional area around the Lawton, Fort Sill, and surrounding areas of southwest Oklahoma. Population at Contact: There may have been as many as 40,000 to 45,000 Comanches in the late 18th century. Treaty With The Comanche, Aionai, Anadarko, Caddo, Etc., 1846 The Comanche historic territory, known as Comancheria, consisted of present day eastern New Mexico, southeastern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, western Oklahoma, and most of northwest Texas, which endured until the mid-nineteenth century. The name “Comanche” is from the Ute name for them, kɨmantsi, meaning “anyone who wants to fight me all the time.”
Traditional Name / Traditional Meaning: Numunu
Official Website: Recognition Status: Federally Recognized The Comanche people are federally recognized as the Comanche Nation, headquartered in Lawton, Oklahoma. They were once part of the Shoshone peoples.Īddress: The Comanche Nation Complex, 584 NW Bingo Rd., Lawton, OK 73507
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